A bathroom and its décor is more important that we might realise. A few people might quip that having a relaxing hot shower at the end of the day is the only thing that gets them through the working week. This is a pleasure that is lost if we live with a poor looking, poor functioning bathroom. A significant factor, perhaps the main factor, in any bathroom is the tiling. Bathroom tiles need to be waterproof, slip-resistant, durable, and hopefully provide a pleasing décor. Choosing the right type of tile involves understanding the materials, their various finishes, the size possibilities and the safety features considerations.
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Common Bathroom Tile Materials
Ceramic Tiles
Ceramic tiles are made from clay, kiln-fired, and available in glazed and unglazed forms. They're cost-effective, durable, and come in a wide range of colours and styles. Glazed ceramic tiles are smooth, water-resistant, and easy to clean, while unglazed options offer a more natural look but may require sealing.
Porcelain Tiles
Porcelain is denser and more water-resistant than ceramic, making it ideal for wet areas like bathroom floors and shower walls. It’s also stronger, often rated with higher PEI (Porcelain Enamel Institute) ratings, and available in designs that mimic stone, wood, or concrete.
Natural Stone Tiles
Marble, slate, and travertine add a luxurious feel, but they require sealing to protect against water and stains. They’re more porous and high maintenance than ceramic or porcelain options.
Mosaic Tiles
Usually mounted on mesh sheets for easier installation, mosaic tiles are great for adding decorative flair. Their small size and numerous grout lines also improve slip resistance, making them suitable for shower floors and feature walls.
Tile Finishes and Slip Resistance
Slip resistance is a critical consideration for bathrooms due to constant moisture. Finishes impact both safety and style:
Gloss Finish: Highly reflective and stylish, but slippery when wet. Best used on walls rather than floors.
Matt Finish: Offers better traction and is ideal for bathroom floors. It creates a softer, more natural look and hides water spots better.
Textured or Grit Finish: These tiles provide maximum grip and are useful in areas prone to heavy water exposure, although they may be harder to clean.
Lappato (Semi-Polished): A balance between matte and polished, suitable for walls and low-traffic floors.
For safety, choose tiles with a slip resistance rating of R10 or higher, especially for wet zones like showers.
Waterproofing Considerations
Waterproofing is essential to prevent damage to subfloors and adjacent rooms. Key points include:
Shower Areas: Use porcelain or glazed ceramic tiles due to their water resistance. Combine them with a proper waterproof membrane system beneath the tiles.
Grout and Sealant: Always use waterproof grout and consider sealing the grout lines to prevent mould and mildew.
Professional Installation: Ensure tiles are installed correctly with attention to waterproofing details, particularly in wet zones and around fixtures.
Style and Design Tips
Tile Size and Colour:
- Light colours can make a small bathroom feel larger and brighter.
- Large-format tiles reduce grout lines and create a modern, seamless look.
- Small tiles or mosaics add texture and grip, especially on floors.
Design Patterns:
Consider using feature walls, borders, or patterns to break up the monotony. Mosaic accents, subway tiles in herringbone patterns, or marble-look tiles can add sophistication and character.
Three-Tile Rule:
To maintain visual balance, it’s best not to exceed three different tile styles in one bathroom: typically, one for the floor, one for the shower walls, and one as an accent.
Maintenance Considerations
Different materials and finishes require varying levels of care:
Ceramic and Porcelain: Low maintenance; a mild detergent is usually sufficient.
Natural Stone: Requires sealing and specific cleaners to avoid damage.
Textured Tiles: Provide grip but may trap grime more easily, needing more frequent cleaning.
Conclusion
Choosing bathroom tiles involves balancing durability, safety, waterproofing, and aesthetics. Porcelain and ceramic tiles are typically the most practical for floors and walls, while mosaic and natural stone tiles can offer visual interest in feature areas. For safety, look for tiles with high slip resistance on the floor, and ensure proper waterproofing in wet zones. With careful planning, your bathroom can be both attractive and functional.
